Karoly Kocsis and Eszter Kocsis-Hodosi : Hungarian Minorities in the Carpathian Basin

Chapter 7

PLACES OF INTEREST AND SIGHTS FOR THE SUGGESTED TOURS IN THE SETTLEMENT AREA OF THE HUNGARIAN MINORITIES

Figures in parentheses after the place names indicate the total population of the settlements and the percentage of the Hungarians in 1989 (Ukraine), 1991 (Slovakia, Yugoslavia, Croatia /excluding Baranya/, Slovenia, Austria), 1992 (Rumania, Baranya in Croatia).

SLOVAKIA

1. Tour in the Csallóköz (Zitny ostrov) region (160 km[1])

KOMÁRNO / KOMÁROM (37,346 ; 63.6 % Hung.): district and former county seat - birthplace of some Hungarian celebrities: Mór Jókai (1825-1904) writer, Ferenc Lehár (1870-1948) composer, Gyula Berecz (1889-1951) sculptor - famous fortress-system - St. Andrew Baroque church - "Danubian" Museum - memorial plaque on the house where the famous Hungarian writer Mór Jókai (1825-1904) was born - Jókai's bronze statue - Neo-Renaissance Town Hall - Classicist Zichy-palace - Classicist County Hall - Romantic Officer's Casino /currently the Public Library - György Klapka's statue - Lutheran Empire church - Franciscan church - Reformed church - Reformed College - St. Rosalia Classicist church - Calvary-garden - Serbian Orthodox Baroque church - former Benedictine, currently hungarian high school - Trade Union House (Cultural Center) - Hungarian Regional Theatre - the Gate of Pozsony/ Bratislava - shipyard - Apályi island (nature conservation area) - Jókai Days (in May)

ZLATNÁ NA OSTROVE / CSALLÓKÖZARANYOS (2,481; 92.6 % Hung.): - gold-paning traditions - The 9650 hectare "Bustard (Otis tarda) Reservation" (nature conservation area) - Léli island (Velkolélsky ostrov) ( nature conservation area, heron) - Reformed Classicist church

KLIZSKÁ NEMÁ / KOLOZSNÉMA (606; 94.5 % Hung.): - Reformed Romanesque church from the 12th century - Fishermen's Museum - traditional folk architecture - water sport center - folk festival (end of August)

CICOV / CSICSÓ (1,443; 92.4 % Hung.): - Classicist Zichy-Kálnoky manor-house /currently school - Lion Lake/Csicsó mortlake, Csicsó forest (nature conservation area: water-chestnut, water-lilies, bladder-wort, poplar, lily of the valley, heron, egret, grebe)

VELKY MEDER / NAGYMEGYER (9,247; 87 % Hung.): former district seat of provincial agrarian character - Roman Catholic Classicist church - ethnographical house - famous hot springs with forest park

DUNAJSKÁ STREDA / DUNASZERDAHELY (23,236; 83.3 % Hung.): district seat - birthplace of the famous Hungarian orientalist, traveller and linguist Ármin Vámbéry (1832-1913) - Roman Catholic church - Baroque-Classicist "Sárga-palace" (currently "Csallóköz/Zitny ostrov Museum") - sugar factory - hot springs - "Spring on the Danube": Hungarian children's cultural competition (May) - Gyula Lõrincz Galleries

VRAKÚN / VÁRKONY (2,470; 93.3 % Hung.): - Roman Catholic Baroque church - Classicist manor-house

GABCIKOVO / BÕS (4,910; 94.3 % Hung.): - Roman Catholic Gothic-Renaissance-Baroque church - Renaissance-Baroque Amadé manor-house - hydroelectric power plant

BAKA / BAKA (1,117; 96.1 % Hung.): - traditional folk architecture - Osprey island (nature conservation area)

SAMORÍN / SOMORJA (12,051; 71 % Hung.): former district seat - Reformed Gothic church - Franciscan Baroque church - monastery - "Vigadó" (Club) - Baroque Town-Hall - internationally renowned horse breeding - traditional country house

HAMULIAKOVO / GÚTOR (768; 69.4 % Hung.): - traditional folk architecture - Roman Catholic Romanesque church

BRATISLAVA-PODUNAJSKÉ BISKUPICE / POZSONY-POZSONYPÜSPÖKI (21,107; 15.6 % Hung.): - Roman Catholic Romanesque-Gothic-Baroque church - episcopal building /currently hospital

BRATISLAVA / POZSONY (442,197; 4.6 % Hung.): since 1919 capital of Slovakia, between 1535 and 1848 capital of Hungary

Birthplace of Hungarian celebrities: János Segner (1704-1777) physicist; Farkas Kempelen (1734-1804) inventor; Flóris Rómer (1815-1889) archeologist, founder of the Hungarian Society for Protection of Historic Monuments; János Fadrusz (1858-1903) sculptor; Vilmos Zsigmondy (1821-1888) geologist; Lajos Lóczy (1849-1920) geographer

Important buildings and monuments:

Gothic: - castle / currently Slovak National Museum - St.Martin cathedral - Church and monastery of Clare nuns - Franciscan church and monastery - St. Catherine chapel - Academia Istropolitana (University founded by the Hungarian king Mátyás Hunyadi / Matthias Corvinus) /currently the Academy of Music - Old City Hall - Michael Gate

Renaissance: - Segner Mansion - St. Salvator (Jesuit) church - church of the Ursuline order - Jesuit church - Collegium Emmericanum - Provost Palace - St. Michael church

Baroque: - monastery of Ursuline order - Ignorantine church and cloister - Capuchin church and cloister - Church of the Holy Trinity - St. Elisabeth church - Notre Dame cloister - Christ's Body Fraternity house - Parliament palace /currently the University Library - Jeszenák palace - Keglevich palace - Esterházy palace - Pálffy palace - Water-barracks /currently the Slovak National Gallery - Hangman's House

Rococo: - Archbishop's Summer Palace /currently the Seat of the Slovak Government - Grassalkovich palace - Balassa palace - Apponyi palace - Kutscherfeld palace - Mirbach palace /currently the City Gallery (gobeline and painting collections) - Erdõdy palace - "House to the Good Shepherd" /currently the Clockwork Museum

Classicist: - Primate's Palace - Aspremont palace - Csáky palace - Zichy palace - De Pauli palace - Csom palace - Lutheran college - Lutheran "High" church - Lutheran "Minor" church (with the grave of the geographer Mátyás Bél of Hungarian and Slovak origin, 18th century) - City (Elisabeth) Hospital - County Hall

Neoromanesque: - Blumental (Valley of the Flowers) church - Reformed church

Neorenaissance: - City Theatre / currently the Slovak National Theatre

Neobaroque: - Pálffy palace - Municipal Concert Hall (Redut) /currently the Seat of the Slovak Philharmony, Academy of Dramatic Art and Music - Printing House

Secessionist: - St. Elisabeth (Blue) church

Neoclassicist: - Tátra Bank /currently the Slovak Television - Slovak National Museum

Modern: - Komensky University - Manderla House - Palace of Justice - Danube Shopping Center - Avion palace - Hotel Devín - Shopping Center - Hotel Kyjev - Central Market Hall - Hotel Bratislava - Bridge of the Slovak National Uprising

Other cultural, natural sights: - Slavín monument - Ganymedes-fountain - Roland-fountain - S. Petõfi, F. Liszt, F. Rómer statues - "Golden Sands / Zlaté Piesky" summer resort - Zerge (Kamzik) Mt. - Vaskutacska (Zelezna studienka) - Mill (Mlynska) valley - Botanical Garden - Zoo - Park of Culture and Leisure - Janko Král Park - Medical garden - CSEMADOK House

BRATISLAVA-DEVÍN / POZSONY-DÉVÉNY (769; 2.3 % Hung.): - castle - Roman Catholic Gothic church - "Dévény Mare (Devínska Kobyla) Mt." (nature conservation area)

BRATISLAVA-RUSOVCE / POZSONY-OROSZVÁR (1,756; 25.8 % Hung.): - Neogothic palace /currently the Seat of the Slovak Folk Ensemble - ruins of the Roman "Gerulata" settlement

2. Tour in the Mátyusföld ("Matthias Land") - Vág (Váh) region (140 km)

KOMÁRNO / KOMÁROM: see Tour 1.

KOLÁROVO / GÚTA (11,007; 82.7 % Hung.): - previously Czechoslovakia's biggest village - many scatterred farms and monument of the 1965 flood - Roman Catholic Baroque church - floating-mill - "Csörgõ / Cerhov" resort

DIAKOVCE / DEÁKI (2,170; 72.1 % Hung.): - Benedictine Romanesque church from 1228 (The place of origin of the the oldest Hungarian linguistic relics: Halotti beszéd /"Funeral Sermon"/ from the "Pray" codex, 13th century)

SALÁ / VÁGSELLYE (24,776; 21.8 % Hung.): former district seat - Classicist manor-house - traditional country house - the Vágsellye / Salá Nitrogen Works (DUSLO)

GALANTA / GALÁNTA (16,978; 40.6 % Hung.): district seat - Neogothic manor-house /currently the seat of the district administration - Renaissance-Baroque manor-house - Roman Catholic Baroque church - Kodály-Days (choir competition)

SLÁDKOVICOVO / DIÓSZEG (5,874; 46.2 % Hung.): - Neogothic manor-house - Roman Catholic Baroque church - Sugar Factory

SENEC / SZENC (14,357; 27.8 % Hung.): former district seat - birthplace of Albert Szenczi Molnár (1564-1639), linguist, psalm-translator - Renaissance "Turkish House" - Sunny Lake - Roman Catholic Baroque church - cloister - houses in Renaissance and Baroque styles - pillory

VELKY BIEL / MAGYARBÉL (2,118; 51.2 % Hung.): - Baroque manor-house - Roman Catholic Baroque church

BERNOLÁKOVO / CSEKLÉSZ (4,461; 1.2 % Hung.): - Baroque-Rococo Esterházy palace and its garden

BRATISLAVA / POZSONY: see Tour 1.

3. Tour in the Nyitra (Nitra) - Bars (Tekov) region (220 km)

STÚROVO / PÁRKÁNY (13,347; 73.5 % Hung.): former district seat - two Baroque churches - paper and cellulose mill - bath resort - water sports

BELÁ / BÉLA (459; 81.1 % Hung.): - Baroque-Rococo Baldácsy (Baldacci) manor-house

SVODÍN / MAGYARSZÕGYÉN (2,734 ; 84.1 % Hung.): - Vargha manor-house - ruins of a Romanesque church

DVORY NAD ZITAVOU / UDVARD (5,143; 76.2 % Hung.): - Baroque Calvary - Roman Catholic Baroque church

VRÁBLE / VEREBÉLY (9,216; 6.7 % Hung.): former district seat - Boronkay mansion /currently rectory - Roman Catholic neo-Romanesque church

TAJNÁ / TAJNASÁRI (301; 1 % Hung.): - Tajnay-Révay Classicist manor-house

KÁLNA - MOCHOVCE / NAGYKÁLNA - MOHI : - nuclear power plant built on the site of the Hungarian village demolished in the early 1980s

TESÁRSKE MLYNANY / MALONYA (1,723; 0.2 % Hung.): - Neo-Classicist Ambrózy-Migazzi manor-house /currently a research institute - Arboretum (65 hectares, with famous thuyas and rhododendrons, founder Baron István Ambrózy-Migazzi /1869-1933/ dendrologist)

JELENEC / GHYMES (1,910; 45.8 % Hung.): - ruins of a castle - chestnut-grove (10 hectares, 300-400 years old) - Forgách manor-house - "Remitage" recreation center

KOLÍNANY / KOLON ( 1,433; 63.2 % Hung.): - Palóc[2] Ethnographic collection - Romanesque-Baroque church

NITRA / NYITRA (89,969; 2 % Hung.): district and former county seat - Bishop castle - St. Emmeramus Romanesque church - Gothic-Baroque cathedral - Baroque bishop-palace /currently the seat of the Archeological Institute of the Slovakian Academy of Sciences - Vasul-tower - Bubonic Plague Votive Column - Baroque Grand Provost palace - Baroque-Secessionist County Hall / currently the College of Arts and Nyitra Gallery - Franciscan Baroque church and cloister /the latter currently the Slovak Agricultural Museum - Baroque Divinity School /currently the Museum of National Treasures - neo-Renaissance Small Seminary - Piarist Baroque church, cloister and high-school - Nyitra Theater - St. Stephen Romanesque church - "Turkish watch-tower" (Gallows hill) - Agricultural College - Teacher's College - Park of Culture and Leisure - Shopping Center - Zobor Mt. - Calvary

MILANOVCE / NYITRANAGYKÉR (3,438; 69.1 % Hung.): - Roman military post ruins - Roman Catholic Baroque church - Nyitra River terraces

KOMJATICE / KOMJÁT (3,977; 0.6 % Hung.): - Eclectic manor-house

NOVÉ ZÁMKY / ÉRSEKÚJVÁR (42,9239 31.1 % Hung.): disitrict seat - Zopf parish-church - Franciscan Baroque church - District Museum - old mill - birthplace of Lajos Kassák (1887-1971), poet and Gyula Gózon (1885-1972), actor - Gergely Czuczor monument - children's choir contest - alluvial forest

HURBANOVO / ÓGYALLA (7,790; 53.5 % Hung.): former district seat - birthplace of Hungarian celebrities: Miklós Konkoly-Thege (1842-1916), astronomer, Árpád Feszty (1856-1914), painter - Observatory (1870) - Szent László /St.Ladislas/ Roman Catholic Kós-type Translyvanian Gothic church - Konkoly-Thege and Feszty mansions - Brewery ("Golden Pheasant")

4. Tour in the Hont region ( 180 km)

NENICE / LUKANÉNYE (1,370; 75.1 % Hung.): - Roman Catholic Baroque-Classicist church - Classicist mansion - Classicist manor-house

CEBOVCE / CSÁB (1,100; 79.4 % Hung.): - Roman Catholic Baroque church - Classicist mansion

KOSIHOVCE / DACSÓKESZI (583; 50.6 % Hung.): - Roman Catholic Renaissance-Baroque church - Late-Baroque mansion - Lutheran neo-Classicist church

TREBUSOVCE / TERBEGEC (245; 84.9 % Hung.): - Roman Catholic Baroque church

KOLÁRE / KÓVÁR (341; 88 % Hung.): - Roman Catholic neo-Baroque church

VELKÁ CALOMIJA / NAGYCSALOMJA (682; 73 % Hung.): - ruins of a Gothic church from the 14th century - Roman Catholic Secessionist church

KOSIHY NAD IPLOM / IPOLYKESZI (525; 92.2 % Hung.): - birthplace of the Hungarian historian of art Arnold Ipolyi-Stummer (1823-1886) - Roman Catholic neo-Classicist church - Classicist mansion

BALOG NAD IPLOM / IPOLYBALOG (840; 92.9 % Hung.): - Roman Catholic Romanesque-Baroque church from the 13th century - Baroque chapel

VINICA / IPOLYNYÉK (2,037; 90.5 % Hung.): former district seat - Roman Catholic Renaissance-Classicist church - late-Baroque-Classicist mansion - Classicist mansion - Classicist chapel - Classicist manor-house

SECIANKY / IPOLYSZÉCSÉNYKE (460; 93.5 % Hung.): - Roman Catholic Romanesque-Baroque church from the 13th century - Classicist mansion - Classicist manor-house

IPELSKÉ PREDMOSTIE / IPOLYHÍDVÉG ( 700; 84.4 % Hung.): - Roman Catholic pseudo-Gothic church - neo-Gothic chapel

SAHY / IPOLYSÁG (8,551; 65.1 % Hung.): former district and county seat - Baroque parish-church - Renaissance-Baroque cloister /currently textile mill - Zopf-Classicist County Hall /currently Town Hall - neo-Classicist, old Town Hall

PLÁSOVCE / PALÁST (1,804; 73.9 % Hung.): - Baroque Palásthy manor-house / currently Palóc Etnographic Collection - Ivánka manor-house

DEMANDICE / DEMÉND (1,041; 38.7 % Hung.): - Roman Catholic Gothic church - Baroque manor-house

MYTNE LUDANY / VÁMOSLADÁNY (948; 53.4 % Hung.): - Siklós /Vapnik/ Mt. (look-out tower, stalactite caves)

LEVICE / LÉVA (33,991; 15.2 % Hung.): district seat - castle complex - Renaissance "Mosque" bastion - Empire Museum of Bars /Tekov/ region - Renaissance Esterházy-Schöller manor-house - Franciscan (afterwards Piarist) church and cloister - Baroque parish-church - Reformed Copf church - nunnery and high school - monument of the castellan István Koháry (17th century) - Eclectic Town Hall - Oroszlán (Lion, Lev) Hotel

LEVICE-KALINCIAKOVO / LÉVA-HONTVARSÁNY (528): - Romanesque church - Margit-Ilona Resort, thermal springs, swimming-pool

TEKOVSKÉ LUZANY / NAGYSALLÓ (2,909; 44.3 % Hung.): - traditional folk architecture - site of the April 19, 1849 Hungarian victory over the Habsburgs imperial troops - Roman Catholic Baroque church - Renaissance manor-house

ZELIEZOVCE / ZSELIZ (8,373; 53.5 % Hung.): former district seat - Roman Catholic Romanesque church - Classicist Esterházy palace / currently: kindergarten - palace-garden, open-air theatre, statue of the famous Austrian composer F. Schubert - CSEMADOK (Hungarian Cultural Union in Slovakia) festival

BÍNA / BÉNY (1,454; 94 % Hung.): - reminants of a fortress from the Roman Ages - Romanesque Basilica-church and round chapel - Pálffy manor-house

KAMENÍN /KÉMÉND (1,575; 90.6 % Hung.): "Saline" (nature conservation area, 22 hectares)

STÚROVO / PÁRKÁNY: see Tour 3.

5. Tour in the Gömör (Gemer) - Nógrád (Novohrad) region (180 km)

CHANAVA / HANVA (702; 91.5 % Hung.): - grave and bust of the Hungarian poet Mihály Tompa (1817 - 1868) - Reformed Classicist church - Classicist Hanvay mansion

CÍZ / CSÍZ (692; 57.5 % Hung.): - spa with Swiss-style buildings - Baroque-Classicist mansions

RIMAVSKÁ SEC / RIMASZÉCS (1,677 ; 89.6 % Hung.): - folk art - Reformed Gothic-Renaissance fortified-church

RADNOVCE / NEMESRADNÓT (574; 89 % Hung.): - birthplace and bust of the Hungarian poet Lajos Pósa (1850 - 1914) - Reformed church

VELKY BLH / VÁMOSBALOG (1,192; 68 % Hung.): - Hungarian Folk Art Exhibition - Baroque-Classicist Koháry-Coburg manor-house / currently: elderly people's home - manor-house - garden - ruins of Balogvár fortress

RIMAVSKÁ SOBOTA / RIMASZOMBAT (24,771; 39.8 % Hung.): district and former county seat - birthplace of Hungarian celebrities: sculptor István Ferenczy (1792-1856), poet Mihály Tompa (1817-1868), polyhistor István Hatvani (1718-1786), actress Lujza Blaha (1850-1926) - Baroque Roman Catholic parish-church - Reformed Bishop Empire church /in its cript: the casket of sculptor István Ferenczy/ - Empire County Hall - "Three Roses" /currently: Tatra/ Hotel - statue of the famous Hungarian actress Lujza Blaha - Town Hall - Museum of Gömör - Hungarian secondary school - Lutheran Copf church - Town garden: statue of Mihály Tompa - Szabatka /Sobôtka/ "fortress" - Kurinc /Kurinec/ recreation area, state nature reserve for birds

RIMAVSKÉ JANOVCE / JÁNOSI (1,189; 45.1 % Hung.): - Reformed church -Romanesque monastery - two Classicist mansions - folk art

JESENSKÉ / FELED (2,150; 60.2 % Hung.): former district seat - Vécsey mansion /currently: school/ - Roman Catholic and Reformed churches - in the cemetery: grave of De La Motte, a French artillery colonel from II. Ferenc Rákóczi's army, (18th cent.)

SIRKOVCE / SERKE (818; 89.2 % Hung.): - Gömöry-Maróthy manor-house (in the park: open-air theatre) - ruins of Lórántffy manor-house - Reformed church

HODEJOV / VÁRGEDE (1,358; 72.5 % Hung.): - castle ruins - Kubinyi mansion / memorial plaque of the Hungarian poet Sándor Petõfi/ - Reformed and Roman Catholic churches - Hungarian Folk Art Collection - spa

HAJNACKA / AJNÁCSKÕ (1,200; 89.6 % Hung.): - castle ruins - Modern Roman Catholic church - small towerbell - Pogányvár Mt. (578 meters), basalt crater

SURICE / SÕREG (602; 92.7 %): - castle ruins (nature conservation area) - Roman Catholic church

FILAKOVO / FÜLEK (10,451; 67.6 % Hung.): former district seat - factories for enamel-ware and furniture - famous castle ruins - Baroque Franciscan church and cloister /currently: Local History Museum/ - Coburg manor-house - Baroque Berchtold-Stephani manor-house /today: high school/ - Cebrián mansion - open-air swimming-pool

FILAKOVSKÉ KOVÁCE / FÜLEKKOVÁCSI (836; 62.8 %): - Roman Catholic church - Baroque chapel - in KURTÁNYPUSZTA / KURTÁN: birthplace of the famous Hungarian writer, publicist and politician Lajos Mocsáry (1826-1916) - statue of L. Mocsáry - Mocsáry mansion

LUCENEC / LOSONC (28,861; 16.7 % Hung.): district seat - birthplace of Hungarian celebrities: writer József Kármán (1769-1795), painter, graphic artist Gyula Szabó (1907-1972) - tomb, plaque and statue of J. Kármán - Reformed neo-Gothic church - late-Baroque Town Hall - Roman Catholic Baroque church - Baroque parsonage - Lutheran Classicist church - Secessionist Synagogue - Nógrád /Novohrad/ Gallery - neo-Romantic Concert Hall - Town Garden - Losonc Baths

MULA / RÁROSMULYAD (225; 49.3 % Hung.): - Roman Catholic Secessionist designed by the famous Hungarian architect, ferroconcret designer I. Medgyaszay (1877-1959) - Baross mansion

DOLNÁ STREHOVÁ / ALSÓSZTREGOVA (946; 0.1 % Hung.): birthplace of the famous Hungarian writer Imre Madách (1823-1864), poet János Rimay (1570-1631) , Slovak writer, teacher Ján Severiny (1716-1789) - Rococo-Classicist Madách manor-house /District History Museum with mementos of I. Madách, K. Mikszáth/ - Madách tomb (memorial) in the park - Lutheran Renaissance-Classicist church - Roman Catholic Secessionist church - open-air swimming-pool

VELKY KRTÍS / NAGYKÜRTÖS (14,212; 7.8 % Hung.): district seat - birthplace of A. H. Skultéty (1819-1892) Slovak writer - Late-Renaissance-Classicist Ambrózy-Sebastiani manor-house /today residence of the local state farm - Lutheran Rococo-Classicist church - important brown coal mine

MODRY KAMEN / KÉKKÕ (1,369; 1.9 % Hung.): former district seat - ruins of the Balassa castle - Baroque Balassa manor-house and its garden (currently local museum) - Calvary Hill

SKLABINÁ / SZKLABONYA (781; 0.6 % Hung.): - birthplace of the famous Hungarian writer Kálmán Mikszáth (1849-1910) /memorial plaque and exhibition - Roman Catholic Renaissance-Baroque church

ZELOVCE / ZSÉLY (1,367; 20.8 % Hung.): - Baroque-Classicist Zichy manor-house - Roman Catholic Classicist church - "Sósár /Salt mud" spa

6. Tour in the Gömör (Gemer) region ( 140 km)

KECOVO / KECSÕ (476; 93.9 % Hung.): - "Domica" stalactite cave (the continuation of the Aggtelek stalactite cave in Hungary)

PLESIVEC / PELSÕC (2,433; 58.7 % Hung.): - birthplace of the Hungarian painter Gyula Rudnay (1878-1957) - old Baroque County Hall - Reformed Gothic church

SLAVEC / SZALÓC ( 505; 67.9 % Hung.): at Gombaszög /Gombasek/: - stalactite cave - the place where from the Hungarian progressive intellectual "Sarló /Sickle/" Movement started 1928 - "CSEMADOK" Hungarian cultural festival (end of June)

BRZOTÍN / BERZÉTE (1,164; 68.4 % Hung.): - ruins of a formerly Pauline cloister - mansions - Baroque manor-house - "Rocks of Berzéte /Brzotín" (nature coservation area: south-east of the Sajó /Slaná/ river)

ROZNAVA / ROZSNYÓ (18,647; 31.2 % Hung.): district seat - Baroque Roman Catholic "Diák (Student)" church with the Firetower - Empire Town Hall - "Black Eagle" Hotel - Chamber House (Rákóczi mint) - Gömör /Gemer Hotel - Baroque-Classicist Bishop-palace - Franciscan church and cloister - statues of countess Andrássy Dénesné and Samu Czabán - Lutheran "Lechner Hungarian Secessionist" High School - Lutheran Empire church - "Gunpowder Tower" (in the cemetery) - Mining Museum - Rozsnyó baths

BETLIAR / BETLÉR (995; 2 % Hung.): - Eclectic Andrássy hunting palace (currently museum with a library with 20,000 volumes, exotic collections, arms, trophies) - English park /70 hectares/ designed by M. Nebbien

KRASNOHORSKÉ PODHRADIE / KRASZNAHORKAVÁRALJA (1,957; 61.3 % Hung.): - Andrássy castle (National Monument of Culture) /currently museum/ - Andrássy-mausoleum - Baroque church - Baroque-Empire estate buildings

STITNIK / CSETNEK (1,488; 2.2 % Hung.): - birthplace of the Hungarian painter Viktor Madarász (1830-1917) and of the Hungarian philosopher Gusztáv Szontágh (1793-1858) - ruins of a water castle - Sárkány manor-house - Lutheran Gothic church

JELSAVA / JOLSVA (2,508; 4.6 % Hung.): - "Zopf"-style-Classicist Koháry manor-house - Roman Catholic Classicist church - Lutheran "Zopf"-Classicist church - "Zopf"-Classicist Town Hall - Jolsva baths - famous cattle bell manufacturers - magnesite mining

LICINCE / LICE (558; 75.6 % Hung.): - traditional pottery - Classicist manor-house

TORNALA-BEHYNCE / TORNALJA-BEJE (427): Eclectic Szent-Iványi manor-house

GEMER / SAJÓGÖMÖR (862; 86.3 % Hung.): early medieval seat of the county Gömör - Lutheran church - bronze statue of the Hungarian king Matthias Corvinus (Mátyás Hunyadi, 1440-1490) - Szent-Iványi manor-house

TORNALA / TORNALJA (8,185; 67.8 % Hung.): former district seat - Reformed Gothic church - Tornallyay Classicist mansion - open-air swimming-pool

KRÁL / SAJÓSZENTKIRÁLY (911; 77.7 % Hung.): - Szilágyi fortified Baroque manor-house - Reformed church

7. Tour in the Abaúj-Torna (Abov-Turna) region ( 90 km)

KOSICE-BARCA / KASSA-BÁRCA (2,646; 1.2 % Hung.): - Renaissance-Baroque-Classicist Bárczay manor-house - Roman Catholic Baroque-Classicist church

KOSICE / KASSA (235,160; 4.6 % Hung.): City with district rights and former county seat - birthplace of some Hungarian celebrities: Géza Czirbusz (1853-1920) geographer, Aladár Komját (1891-1937) journalist, József Szabó (1822-1894) mineralogist, geologist

St. Elisabeth Gothic Cathedral (caskets of the Hungarian Reigning Prince II. Ferenc Rákóczi /1676-1735/ and his mother Ilona Zrínyi) - St. Michael cemetery - Gothic chapel - Renaissance Orban tower - neo-Baroque-Eclectic National Theater - Baroque Immaculata statue - Baroque-Classicist City Hall /currently: Bocatius Library - Gothic Lõcsei House - Premonstratensian "University" church and cloister - neo-Baroque-Eclectic Andrássy palace - Franciscan Gothic-Baroque church - Franciscan cloister /currently: Conservatoire - Baroque boarding house - Shopping Center "Dargov" - Renaissance-Baroque Rákóczi-House /currently: Slovak Technical Museum/ - Classicist Csáky-Dessewffy palace /currently: residence of Constitutional Court of Slovakia - Baroque-Zopf "First" County Hall - Renaissance-Baroque building of the Chamber of historical Szepesség (Spis, Zips) region /currently: music school and other institutions/ - Ursuliner order Baroque cloister - Baroque Hadik-Barkóczy palace - Vitéz-House /currently: store - Baroque Bishop Palace - Empire Forgách palace /currently: National Library of Sciences/ - Baroque Dominican church - Ursuliner order Baroque church - Renaissance Aranyossy palace/ currently: Graphic Art Gallery - Lutheran Classicist church - neo-Gothic Jakab palace - Museum of Natural History and of Geology - Hangman-bastion /currently: geological and zoological exhibition/ - "Rodosto-house" /currently: Rákóczi Museum - Miklós /Nicholas-prison /currently: History Museum/ - Reformed church - "CSEMADOK" (Hungarian Cultural Organization) house - house of Sebestyén Tinódi Lantos (1505-1556) Hungarian gleeman-poet, memorial plaque - Marathon monument - Secessionist-Renaissance East Slovakian Museum - narrow-gage railway in the Csermely / Crmel - valley - Petrov park (Széchenyi grove) - Thalia (Hungarian) Theatre - "Hospital" church - Baroque-Classicist County Hall: "The House of the Czechoslovak Government Program of Kosice/Kassa (1945)[3]" /today Jakoby Gallery/ - House of the Artists - Orthodox church - Post palace - Hungarian primary and secondary school - Secessionist Court of Appeal /currently: Safárik University/ - Rectorate - Secessionist-Eclectic Florian chapel - Amphiteatre - Calvary-church - Rosalia cemetery

KOSICE-SACA / KASSA-SACA (4,003; 1.7 % Hung.): - Rococo manor-house /currently: handicraft and architecture exhibition/ - Gothic-Baroque church - East Slovakian Iron Works

JASOV / JÁSZÓ (2,385; 19.5 % Hung.): - Baroque Premonstratensian church and monastery /famous library and archive/ and its park - stalactite cave - oak nature conservation area

MOLDAVA NAD BODVOU / SZEPSI (8,796; 49.1 % Hung.): former district seat - birthplace of the Hungarian Reformed preacher and writer Márton Szepsi Csombor (1595-1622), the author of the first Hungarian guide-book, Máté Szepsi Laczkó (1576-1633) wine-improver, "inventer" of the old Tokay (wine) - Roman Catholic Gothic church - Reformed Classicist church - Town Hall - former Court of Szepsi District /currently: school of music/

DRIENOVEC / SOMODI (1,650; 58.8 % Hung.): - Baroque-Classicist Roman Catholic church - Classicist Bishop Rest-home - Baths - Karstic bushforest (nature conservation area, 78 hectares) - stalactite cave

TURNA NAD BODVOU / TORNA (2,737; 63.8 % Hung.): seat of Torna county until 1882 - former Classicist County Hall - fortress-ruin - Gothic Roman Catholic parish church - cement works

ZADIEL / SZÁDELÕ (208; 89.9 % Hung.): - "Szádelõi / Zadielska Valley" (nature conservation area, 200 hectares)

8. Tour in the Zemplén (Zemplín) - Ung (U) region ( 100 km)

BORSA / BORSI (1,409; 60.7 % Hung.): - birthplace of the Hungarian Reigning Prince, leader of the anti-Habsburg Hungarian War of Independence (1703-1711), Ferenc Rákóczi II (1676-1735): Renaissance manor-house / memorial plaque, statue - Reformed Romanesque church

STREDA NAD BODROGOM / BODROGSZERDAHELY (2,252; 67.3 % Hung.): - Baroque manor-house - Roman Catholic Romanesque church - Greek Catholic Baroque-Classicist church - Lake "Tajba" (nature conservation area: marsh tortoise)

VELKY KAMENEC / NAGYKÖVESD (903; 95.2 % Hung.): - castle-ruin - manor-house - Roman Catholic and Reformed churches

KRÁLOVSKY CHLMEC / KIRÁLYHELMEC (7,963; 80.4 % Hung.): former district seat - birthplace of the Hungarian language reformer Mihály Helmeczy (1788- 1852) and of writer Jenõ Kemechey (1862-1905) - castle-ruin - Lórántffy-manor-house - Roman Catholic Gothic-Baroque church - "Peat swamps of Bóly" (nature conservation area: alder, birch, marsh tortoise) - "Pasqueflower field" (nature conservation area: Pulsatilla Hungarica)

LELES / LELESZ (1,908; 91.8 % Hung.): - Baroque Premonstratensian church and monastery /currently agricultural high school/ - 5-20 meters high sand dunes

VELKÉ KAPUSANY / NAGYKAPOS (9,421; 63.8 % Hung.): former district seat - birthplace of the Hungarian writer and popular poetry collector János Erdélyi (1814-1868), memorial - Reformed Baroque-Classicist church - Roman Catholic Classicist church

VOJANY / VAJÁN (761; 83 % Hung.): - Slovakia's largest thermal power station - Reformed Classicist church

DRAHNOV / DEREGNYÕ (978; 49.8 % Hung.): - village of Székely settlers from the 18th century - Reformed Classicist church - Classicist Lónyay manor-house - basket waving

BREHOV / IMREG (709; 49.2 % Hung.): - Minorite Baroque church and cloister - Classicist manor-house - "Alders of Zemplén" (nature conservation area)

ZEMPLIN / ZEMPLÉN (406; 86 % Hung.): - until 1865 the seat of the county - a Reformed Gothic church and a Greek Catholic church - "Windmill Hill" / grave of an ancient Hungarian chieftain, dating from the time of the Hungarian Conquest (9-10th century)

LADMOVCE / LADMÓC (413; 90.8 % Hung.): - "Kasvár" (nature conservation area, calciphilous vegetation)

[1] Distances are approximate

[2] Palóc (Palotz): Previously name of the Hungarians in Nógrád, North Heves and Gömör counties. Today a name of the persons speaking the North Hungarian dialect between the Vág /Váh and Hernád /Hornád rivers, on the present territory of South Slovakia and North Hungary.

[3] Important document defranchising of Hungarians in Czechoslovakia (1945). See Janics K. (1993) for details.

Karoly Kocsis and Eszter Kocsis-Hodosi : Hungarian Minorities in the Carpathian Basin